The Authority of Jesus Challenged
1One Mt 21:23-27; Mk 11:27-33 day Lit It happened on one of the days as He was teaching Lk 19:47 the people in the temple complex and proclaiming the good news, Lk 4:18; 8:1 the chief priests and the scribes, with the elders, Lk 9:22; 22:66 came up
2and said to Him: “Tell us, by what authority are You doing these things? Who is it who gave You this authority? ”
3He answered them, “I will also ask you a question. Tell Me,
4was the baptism of John from heaven or from men? ”
5They discussed it among themselves: “If we say, ‘From heaven,’ He will say, ‘Why didn’t you believe him? ’
6But if we say, ‘From men,’ all the people Lk 19:48 will stone us, because they are convinced that John was a prophet.” Mt 11:9; Lk 7:29-30
7So they answered that they did not know its origin. Or know where it was from
8And Jesus said to them, “Neither will I tell you by what authority I do these things.”
The Parable of the Vineyard Owner
9Then Mt 21:33-46; Mk 12:1-12 He began to tell the people this parable: “A man planted a vineyard, Is 5:1-7 leased it to tenant farmers, and went away for a long time.
10At harvest time he sent a slave to the farmers so that they might give him some fruit from the vineyard. But the farmers beat him and sent him away empty-handed.
11He sent yet another slave, but they beat that one too, treated him shamefully, and sent him away empty-handed.
12And he sent yet a third, but they wounded this one too and threw him out.
13“Then the owner of the vineyard said, ‘What should I do? I will send my beloved Mt 17:5; Lk 3:22 son. Perhaps Other mss add when they see him they will respect him.’
14“But when the tenant farmers saw him, they discussed it among themselves and said, ‘This is the heir. Let’s kill him, so the inheritance will be ours! ’ Lk 16:16
15So they threw him out of the vineyard and killed him.
“Therefore, what will the owner of the vineyard do to them?
But when they heard this they said, “No — never! ” Rm 3:4; 1Co 6:15; Gl 2:17
17But He looked at them and said, “Then what is the meaning of this Scripture: Lit What then is this that is written Lk 4:17; 18:31; 21:22,37; 24:44
The stone that the builders rejected —
this has become the cornerstone? Lit the head of the corner Ps 118:22; Ac 4:11; Eph 2:20; 1Pt 2:4-7 Ps 118:22
18Everyone who falls on that stone will be broken to pieces, and if it falls on anyone, it will grind him to powder! ” Is 8:14-15; Dn 2:34-35,44-45; Rm 9:32-33; 1Pt 2:8
19Then the scribes and the chief priests Mt 2:4; 20:18; 21:15; Lk 22:2; 23:10 looked for a way to get their hands on Him Lk 19:47; 21:12 that very hour, because they knew He had told this parable against them, but they feared the people. Lk 22:2
God and Caesar
20They The scribes and chief priests of v. 19 Mt 20:15-22; Mk 12:13-17 watched closely Lk 6:7; 14:1 and sent spies Mt 22:15-16 who pretended to be righteous, Or upright ; that is, loyal to God’s law so they could catch Him in what He said, Lit catch Him in a word Lk 11:54 to hand Him Lk 24:20; Ac 3:13; Rm 8:32 over to the governor’s Mt 27:2; Lk 21:12 rule and authority.
21They questioned Him, “Teacher, we know that You speak and teach correctly, Jn 3:2 and You don’t show partiality, Lit You don’t receive a face Dt 1:17; 10:17; Mal 2:9; Mt 22:16 but teach truthfully the way of God. Ac 13:10; 18:25-26
22Is it lawful Lk 6:9; 14:3 for us to pay taxes Mt 17:25; Lk 23:2; Rm 13:6-7 to Caesar Lk 2:1; 3:1; 20:24-25; 23:2 or not? ”
23But detecting their craftiness, He said to them, Other mss add “Why are you testing Me?
24“Show Me a denarius. Whose image and inscription does it have? ”
“Caesar’s,” they said.
25“Well then,” He told them, “give back to Caesar Mt 22:21 the things that are Caesar’s and to God the things that are God’s.”
26They were not able to catch Him in what He said Lit catch Him in a word in public, Lit in front of the people and being amazed at His answer, they became silent. Lk 9:36; 14:4
The Sadducees and the Resurrection
27Some Mt 22:23-33,46; Mk 12:18-27,34 of the Sadducees, who say there is no resurrection, Ac 23:6 came up and questioned Him:
28“Teacher, Moses wrote for us that if a man’s brother has a wife, and dies childless, his brother should take the wife and produce offspring for his brother. Dt 25:5 Dt 25:5
29Now there were seven brothers. The first took a wife and died without children.
30Also the second Other mss add took her as wife, and he died without children
31and the third took her. In the same way, all seven died and left no children.
32Finally, the woman died too.
33In the resurrection, therefore, whose wife will the woman be? For all seven had married her.” Lit had her as wife
35But those who are counted worthy Ac 5:41; 2Th 1:5 to take part in that age Mk 10:30 and in the resurrection from the dead neither marry nor are given in marriage.
36For they cannot die anymore, 1Co 15:54-55; Rv 21:4 because they are like angels and are sons of God, Ps 82:6; Mt 5:45; Rm 8:14,19; Gl 3:26 since they are sons of the resurrection.
37Moses even indicated in the passage about the burning bush that the dead are raised, where he calls the Lord the God of Abraham and the God of Isaac and the God of Jacob. Ex 3:6,15-16; 4:5; Mt 1:2; Ac 3:13; 7:30-32 Ex 3:6,15
38He is not God of the dead but of the living, because all are living to Or with Him.” Rm 6:10-11; 14:7-8; 2Co 5:14-15; Gl 2:19-20; 1Th 4:14; 5:10
39Some of the scribes answered, “Teacher, You have spoken well.”
40And they no longer dared to ask Him anything.
The Question about the Messiah
41Then Mt 22:41-46; Mk 12:34-37 He said to them, “How can they say that the Messiah is the Son of David? Mt 1:1,17; Lk 1:27; Rm 1:3; Eph 5:2
The Lord declared to my Lord,
‘Sit at My right hand
43until I make Your enemies Your footstool.’ Ps 110:1; Ac 2:34-35; 1Co 15:25; Heb 1:13; 10:13, Ps 110:1
Warning against the Scribes
45While Mt 23:1-36; Mk 12:37-40 all the people were listening, He said to His disciples,
46“Beware Mt 16:6 of the scribes, who want to go around in long robes and who love greetings in the marketplaces, the front seats in the synagogues, and the places of honor at banquets. Lk 11:43
47They devour widows’ houses and say long prayers just for show. These will receive greater punishment.” Or judgment
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