<< Leviticus 7:21 >>

本节经文

  • New Living Translation
    If you touch anything that is unclean( whether it is human defilement or an unclean animal or any other unclean, detestable thing) and then eat meat from a peace offering presented to the Lord, you will be cut off from the community.”
  • 新标点和合本
    有人摸了什么不洁净的物,或是人的不洁净,或是不洁净的牲畜,或是不洁可憎之物,吃了献与耶和华平安祭的肉,这人必从民中剪除。”
  • 和合本2010(上帝版-简体)
    若有人摸了不洁之物,无论是人体的不洁净,或是不洁的牲畜,或是不洁的可憎之物,再吃了献给耶和华平安祭的肉,这人必从民中剪除。”
  • 和合本2010(神版-简体)
    若有人摸了不洁之物,无论是人体的不洁净,或是不洁的牲畜,或是不洁的可憎之物,再吃了献给耶和华平安祭的肉,这人必从民中剪除。”
  • 当代译本
    如果有人接触到人或兽的不洁之物,或任何不洁的可憎之物,又吃献给耶和华的平安祭祭肉,要将他从民中铲除。”
  • 圣经新译本
    人若是摸了任何不洁,或是人的污秽,或是牲畜的污秽,或是任何不洁净的可憎之物,然后吃献给耶和华的平安祭的肉,那人必从自己的族人中被剪除。”
  • 新標點和合本
    有人摸了甚麼不潔淨的物,或是人的不潔淨,或是不潔淨的牲畜,或是不潔可憎之物,吃了獻與耶和華平安祭的肉,這人必從民中剪除。」
  • 和合本2010(上帝版-繁體)
    若有人摸了不潔之物,無論是人體的不潔淨,或是不潔的牲畜,或是不潔的可憎之物,再吃了獻給耶和華平安祭的肉,這人必從民中剪除。」
  • 和合本2010(神版-繁體)
    若有人摸了不潔之物,無論是人體的不潔淨,或是不潔的牲畜,或是不潔的可憎之物,再吃了獻給耶和華平安祭的肉,這人必從民中剪除。」
  • 當代譯本
    如果有人接觸到人或獸的不潔之物,或任何不潔的可憎之物,又吃獻給耶和華的平安祭祭肉,要將他從民中剷除。」
  • 聖經新譯本
    人若是摸了任何不潔,或是人的污穢,或是牲畜的污穢,或是任何不潔淨的可憎之物,然後吃獻給耶和華的平安祭的肉,那人必從自己的族人中被剪除。”
  • 呂振中譯本
    人若觸着甚麼不潔淨、無論是人的不潔淨、或是不潔淨的牲口、或是任何不潔淨的昆蟲,而去喫屬永恆主的平安祭的肉,那人就必須從他的族人中被剪除。』
  • 文理和合譯本
    如人捫不潔、或不潔之人、或不潔之獸、或不潔可憎之物、而食歸耶和華之酬恩祭肉、必絕於民中、○
  • 文理委辦譯本
    如人捫他人之不潔、或獸污、或可憎之穢物、為其所玷、而食歸我之祭肉、必絕之民中。○
  • 施約瑟淺文理新舊約聖經
    若人捫污穢、或他人之不潔、或不潔之畜、或不潔可憎之蟲蟲或作物而食獻於主祭牲之肉、必滅絕於民中、○
  • New International Version
    Anyone who touches something unclean— whether human uncleanness or an unclean animal or any unclean creature that moves along the ground— and then eats any of the meat of the fellowship offering belonging to the Lord must be cut off from their people.’”
  • New International Reader's Version
    Suppose someone touches something“ unclean.” It does not matter whether it comes from a human being who is not“ clean.” It does not matter whether it comes from an“ unclean” animal. It does not matter whether it comes from something hated and“ unclean.” And suppose they eat any of the meat from the friendship offering that belongs to the Lord. Then they will be separated from their people.’ ”
  • English Standard Version
    And if anyone touches an unclean thing, whether human uncleanness or an unclean beast or any unclean detestable creature, and then eats some flesh from the sacrifice of the Lord’s peace offerings, that person shall be cut off from his people.”
  • Christian Standard Bible
    If someone touches anything unclean, whether human uncleanness, an unclean animal, or any unclean, abhorrent creature, and eats meat from the LORD’s fellowship sacrifice, that person is to be cut off from his people.”
  • New American Standard Bible
    When anyone touches anything unclean, whether human uncleanness, or an unclean animal, or any unclean detestable thing, and eats of the flesh of the sacrifice of peace offerings which belong to the Lord, that person shall be cut off from his people.’ ”
  • New King James Version
    Moreover the person who touches any unclean thing, such as human uncleanness, an unclean animal, or any abominable unclean thing, and who eats the flesh of the sacrifice of the peace offering that belongs to the Lord, that person shall be cut off from his people.’”
  • American Standard Version
    And when any one shall touch any unclean thing, the uncleanness of man, or an unclean beast, or any unclean abomination, and eat of the flesh of the sacrifice of peace- offerings, which pertain unto Jehovah, that soul shall be cut off from his people.
  • Holman Christian Standard Bible
    If someone touches anything unclean, whether human uncleanness, an unclean animal, or any unclean, detestable creature, and eats meat from the Lord’s fellowship sacrifice, that person must be cut off from his people.”
  • King James Version
    Moreover the soul that shall touch any unclean[ thing, as] the uncleanness of man, or[ any] unclean beast, or any abominable unclean[ thing], and eat of the flesh of the sacrifice of peace offerings, which[ pertain] unto the LORD, even that soul shall be cut off from his people.
  • New English Translation
    When a person touches anything unclean( whether human uncleanness, or an unclean animal, or an unclean detestable creature) and eats some of the meat of the peace offering sacrifice which belongs to the LORD, that person will be cut off from his people.’”
  • World English Bible
    When anyone touches any unclean thing, the uncleanness of man, or an unclean animal, or any unclean abomination, and eats some of the meat of the sacrifice of peace offerings which belong to Yahweh, that soul shall be cut off from his people.’”

交叉引用

  • Ezekiel 4:14
    Then I said,“ O Sovereign Lord, must I be defiled by using human dung? For I have never been defiled before. From the time I was a child until now I have never eaten any animal that died of sickness or was killed by other animals. I have never eaten any meat forbidden by the law.”
  • Leviticus 5:2-3
    “ Or suppose you unknowingly touch something that is ceremonially unclean, such as the carcass of an unclean animal. When you realize what you have done, you must admit your defilement and your guilt. This is true whether it is a wild animal, a domestic animal, or an animal that scurries along the ground.“ Or suppose you unknowingly touch something that makes a person unclean. When you realize what you have done, you must admit your guilt.
  • Leviticus 15:1-33
    The Lord said to Moses and Aaron,“ Give the following instructions to the people of Israel.“ Any man who has a bodily discharge is ceremonially unclean.This defilement is caused by his discharge, whether the discharge continues or stops. In either case the man is unclean.Any bed on which the man with the discharge lies and anything on which he sits will be ceremonially unclean.So if you touch the man’s bed, you must wash your clothes and bathe yourself in water, and you will remain unclean until evening.If you sit where the man with the discharge has sat, you must wash your clothes and bathe yourself in water, and you will remain unclean until evening.If you touch the man with the discharge, you must wash your clothes and bathe yourself in water, and you will remain unclean until evening.If the man spits on you, you must wash your clothes and bathe yourself in water, and you will remain unclean until evening.Any saddle blanket on which the man rides will be ceremonially unclean.If you touch anything that was under the man, you will be unclean until evening. You must wash your clothes and bathe yourself in water, and you will remain unclean until evening.If the man touches you without first rinsing his hands, you must wash your clothes and bathe yourself in water, and you will remain unclean until evening.Any clay pot the man touches must be broken, and any wooden utensil he touches must be rinsed with water.“ When the man with the discharge is healed, he must count off seven days for the period of purification. Then he must wash his clothes and bathe himself in fresh water, and he will be ceremonially clean.On the eighth day he must get two turtledoves or two young pigeons and come before the Lord at the entrance of the Tabernacle and give his offerings to the priest.The priest will offer one bird for a sin offering and the other for a burnt offering. Through this process, the priest will purify the man before the Lord for his discharge.“ Whenever a man has an emission of semen, he must bathe his entire body in water, and he will remain ceremonially unclean until the next evening.Any clothing or leather with semen on it must be washed in water, and it will remain unclean until evening.After a man and a woman have sexual intercourse, they must each bathe in water, and they will remain unclean until the next evening.“ Whenever a woman has her menstrual period, she will be ceremonially unclean for seven days. Anyone who touches her during that time will be unclean until evening.Anything on which the woman lies or sits during the time of her period will be unclean.If any of you touch her bed, you must wash your clothes and bathe yourself in water, and you will remain unclean until evening.If you touch any object she has sat on, you must wash your clothes and bathe yourself in water, and you will remain unclean until evening.This includes her bed or any other object she has sat on; you will be unclean until evening if you touch it.If a man has sexual intercourse with her and her blood touches him, her menstrual impurity will be transmitted to him. He will remain unclean for seven days, and any bed on which he lies will be unclean.“ If a woman has a flow of blood for many days that is unrelated to her menstrual period, or if the blood continues beyond the normal period, she is ceremonially unclean. As during her menstrual period, the woman will be unclean as long as the discharge continues.Any bed she lies on and any object she sits on during that time will be unclean, just as during her normal menstrual period.If any of you touch these things, you will be ceremonially unclean. You must wash your clothes and bathe yourself in water, and you will remain unclean until evening.“ When the woman’s bleeding stops, she must count off seven days. Then she will be ceremonially clean.On the eighth day she must bring two turtledoves or two young pigeons and present them to the priest at the entrance of the Tabernacle.The priest will offer one for a sin offering and the other for a burnt offering. Through this process, the priest will purify her before the Lord for the ceremonial impurity caused by her bleeding.“ This is how you will guard the people of Israel from ceremonial uncleanness. Otherwise they would die, for their impurity would defile my Tabernacle that stands among them.These are the instructions for dealing with anyone who has a bodily discharge— a man who is unclean because of an emission of semenor a woman during her menstrual period. It applies to any man or woman who has a bodily discharge, and to a man who has sexual intercourse with a woman who is ceremonially unclean.”
  • Leviticus 11:10-13
    But you must never eat animals from the sea or from rivers that do not have both fins and scales. They are detestable to you. This applies both to little creatures that live in shallow water and to all creatures that live in deep water.They will always be detestable to you. You must never eat their meat or even touch their dead bodies.Any marine animal that does not have both fins and scales is detestable to you.“ These are the birds that are detestable to you. You must never eat them: the griffon vulture, the bearded vulture, the black vulture,
  • Leviticus 12:1-13:59
    The Lord said to Moses,“ Give the following instructions to the people of Israel. If a woman becomes pregnant and gives birth to a son, she will be ceremonially unclean for seven days, just as she is unclean during her menstrual period.On the eighth day the boy’s foreskin must be circumcised.After waiting thirty three days, she will be purified from the bleeding of childbirth. During this time of purification, she must not touch anything that is set apart as holy. And she must not enter the sanctuary until her time of purification is over.If a woman gives birth to a daughter, she will be ceremonially unclean for two weeks, just as she is unclean during her menstrual period. After waiting sixty six days, she will be purified from the bleeding of childbirth.“ When the time of purification is completed for either a son or a daughter, the woman must bring a one year old lamb for a burnt offering and a young pigeon or turtledove for a purification offering. She must bring her offerings to the priest at the entrance of the Tabernacle.The priest will then present them to the Lord to purify her. Then she will be ceremonially clean again after her bleeding at childbirth. These are the instructions for a woman after the birth of a son or a daughter.“ If a woman cannot afford to bring a lamb, she must bring two turtledoves or two young pigeons. One will be for the burnt offering and the other for the purification offering. The priest will sacrifice them to purify her, and she will be ceremonially clean.”The Lord said to Moses and Aaron,“ If anyone has a swelling or a rash or discolored skin that might develop into a serious skin disease, that person must be brought to Aaron the priest or to one of his sons.The priest will examine the affected area of the skin. If the hair in the affected area has turned white and the problem appears to be more than skin deep, it is a serious skin disease, and the priest who examines it must pronounce the person ceremonially unclean.“ But if the affected area of the skin is only a white discoloration and does not appear to be more than skin deep, and if the hair on the spot has not turned white, the priest will quarantine the person for seven days.On the seventh day the priest will make another examination. If he finds the affected area has not changed and the problem has not spread on the skin, the priest will quarantine the person for seven more days.On the seventh day the priest will make another examination. If he finds the affected area has faded and has not spread, the priest will pronounce the person ceremonially clean. It was only a rash. The person’s clothing must be washed, and the person will be ceremonially clean.But if the rash continues to spread after the person has been examined by the priest and has been pronounced clean, the infected person must return to be examined again.If the priest finds that the rash has spread, he must pronounce the person ceremonially unclean, for it is indeed a skin disease.“ Anyone who develops a serious skin disease must go to the priest for an examination.If the priest finds a white swelling on the skin, and some hair on the spot has turned white, and there is an open sore in the affected area,it is a chronic skin disease, and the priest must pronounce the person ceremonially unclean. In such cases the person need not be quarantined, for it is obvious that the skin is defiled by the disease.“ Now suppose the disease has spread all over the person’s skin, covering the body from head to foot.When the priest examines the infected person and finds that the disease covers the entire body, he will pronounce the person ceremonially clean. Since the skin has turned completely white, the person is clean.But if any open sores appear, the infected person will be pronounced ceremonially unclean.The priest must make this pronouncement as soon as he sees an open sore, since open sores indicate the presence of a skin disease.However, if the open sores heal and turn white like the rest of the skin, the person must return to the priestfor another examination. If the affected areas have indeed turned white, the priest will then pronounce the person ceremonially clean by declaring,‘ You are clean!’“ If anyone has a boil on the skin that has started to heal,but a white swelling or a reddish white spot develops in its place, that person must go to the priest to be examined.If the priest examines it and finds it to be more than skin deep, and if the hair in the affected area has turned white, the priest must pronounce the person ceremonially unclean. The boil has become a serious skin disease.But if the priest finds no white hair on the affected area and the problem appears to be no more than skin deep and has faded, the priest must quarantine the person for seven days.If during that time the affected area spreads on the skin, the priest must pronounce the person ceremonially unclean, because it is a serious disease.But if the area grows no larger and does not spread, it is merely the scar from the boil, and the priest will pronounce the person ceremonially clean.“ If anyone has suffered a burn on the skin and the burned area changes color, becoming either reddish white or shiny white,the priest must examine it. If he finds that the hair in the affected area has turned white and the problem appears to be more than skin deep, a skin disease has broken out in the burn. The priest must then pronounce the person ceremonially unclean, for it is clearly a serious skin disease.But if the priest finds no white hair on the affected area and the problem appears to be no more than skin deep and has faded, the priest must quarantine the infected person for seven days.On the seventh day the priest must examine the person again. If the affected area has spread on the skin, the priest must pronounce that person ceremonially unclean, for it is clearly a serious skin disease.But if the affected area has not changed or spread on the skin and has faded, it is simply a swelling from the burn. The priest will then pronounce the person ceremonially clean, for it is only the scar from the burn.“ If anyone, either a man or woman, has a sore on the head or chin,the priest must examine it. If he finds it is more than skin deep and has fine yellow hair on it, the priest must pronounce the person ceremonially unclean. It is a scabby sore of the head or chin.If the priest examines the scabby sore and finds that it is only skin deep but there is no black hair on it, he must quarantine the person for seven days.On the seventh day the priest must examine the sore again. If he finds that the scabby sore has not spread, and there is no yellow hair on it, and it appears to be only skin deep,the person must shave off all hair except the hair on the affected area. Then the priest must quarantine the person for another seven days.On the seventh day he will examine the sore again. If it has not spread and appears to be no more than skin deep, the priest will pronounce the person ceremonially clean. The person’s clothing must be washed, and the person will be ceremonially clean.But if the scabby sore begins to spread after the person is pronounced clean,the priest must do another examination. If he finds that the sore has spread, the priest does not need to look for yellow hair. The infected person is ceremonially unclean.But if the color of the scabby sore does not change and black hair has grown on it, it has healed. The priest will then pronounce the person ceremonially clean.“ If anyone, either a man or woman, has shiny white patches on the skin,the priest must examine the affected area. If he finds that the shiny patches are only pale white, this is a harmless skin rash, and the person is ceremonially clean.“ If a man loses his hair and his head becomes bald, he is still ceremonially clean.And if he loses hair on his forehead, he simply has a bald forehead; he is still clean.However, if a reddish white sore appears on the bald area on top of his head or on his forehead, this is a skin disease.The priest must examine him, and if he finds swelling around the reddish white sore anywhere on the man’s head and it looks like a skin disease,the man is indeed infected with a skin disease and is unclean. The priest must pronounce him ceremonially unclean because of the sore on his head.“ Those who suffer from a serious skin disease must tear their clothing and leave their hair uncombed. They must cover their mouth and call out,‘ Unclean! Unclean!’As long as the serious disease lasts, they will be ceremonially unclean. They must live in isolation in their place outside the camp.“ Now suppose mildew contaminates some woolen or linen clothing,woolen or linen fabric, the hide of an animal, or anything made of leather.If the contaminated area in the clothing, the animal hide, the fabric, or the leather article has turned greenish or reddish, it is contaminated with mildew and must be shown to the priest.After examining the affected spot, the priest will put the article in quarantine for seven days.On the seventh day the priest must inspect it again. If the contaminated area has spread, the clothing or fabric or leather is clearly contaminated by a serious mildew and is ceremonially unclean.The priest must burn the item— the clothing, the woolen or linen fabric, or piece of leather— for it has been contaminated by a serious mildew. It must be completely destroyed by fire.“ But if the priest examines it and finds that the contaminated area has not spread in the clothing, the fabric, or the leather,the priest will order the object to be washed and then quarantined for seven more days.Then the priest must examine the object again. If he finds that the contaminated area has not changed color after being washed, even if it did not spread, the object is defiled. It must be completely burned up, whether the contaminated spot is on the inside or outside.But if the priest examines it and finds that the contaminated area has faded after being washed, he must cut the spot from the clothing, the fabric, or the leather.If the spot later reappears on the clothing, the fabric, or the leather article, the mildew is clearly spreading, and the contaminated object must be burned up.But if the spot disappears from the clothing, the fabric, or the leather article after it has been washed, it must be washed again; then it will be ceremonially clean.“ These are the instructions for dealing with mildew that contaminates woolen or linen clothing or fabric or anything made of leather. This is how the priest will determine whether these items are ceremonially clean or unclean.”
  • Leviticus 11:20
    “ You must not eat winged insects that walk along the ground; they are detestable to you.
  • Exodus 12:19
    During those seven days, there must be no trace of yeast in your homes. Anyone who eats anything made with yeast during this week will be cut off from the community of Israel. These regulations apply both to the foreigners living among you and to the native born Israelites.
  • Leviticus 22:4
    “ If any of Aaron’s descendants has a skin disease or any kind of discharge that makes him ceremonially unclean, he may not eat from the sacred offerings until he has been pronounced clean. He also becomes unclean by touching a corpse, or by having an emission of semen,
  • Deuteronomy 14:3
    “ You must not eat any detestable animals that are ceremonially unclean.
  • Leviticus 7:20
    If you are ceremonially unclean and you eat meat from a peace offering that was presented to the Lord, you will be cut off from the community.
  • Leviticus 7:27
    Anyone who consumes blood will be cut off from the community.”
  • Deuteronomy 14:7-8
    but if the animal doesn’t have both, it may not be eaten. So you may not eat the camel, the hare, or the hyrax. They chew the cud but do not have split hooves, so they are ceremonially unclean for you.And you may not eat the pig. It has split hooves but does not chew the cud, so it is ceremonially unclean for you. You may not eat the meat of these animals or even touch their carcasses.
  • Numbers 19:11-16
    “ All those who touch a dead human body will be ceremonially unclean for seven days.They must purify themselves on the third and seventh days with the water of purification; then they will be purified. But if they do not do this on the third and seventh days, they will continue to be unclean even after the seventh day.All those who touch a dead body and do not purify themselves in the proper way defile the Lord’s Tabernacle, and they will be cut off from the community of Israel. Since the water of purification was not sprinkled on them, their defilement continues.“ This is the ritual law that applies when someone dies inside a tent: All those who enter that tent and those who were inside when the death occurred will be ceremonially unclean for seven days.Any open container in the tent that was not covered with a lid is also defiled.And if someone in an open field touches the corpse of someone who was killed with a sword or who died a natural death, or if someone touches a human bone or a grave, that person will be defiled for seven days.
  • Genesis 17:14
    Any male who fails to be circumcised will be cut off from the covenant family for breaking the covenant.”
  • Leviticus 18:29
    Whoever commits any of these detestable sins will be cut off from the community of Israel.
  • Deuteronomy 14:10
    You may not, however, eat marine animals that do not have both fins and scales. They are ceremonially unclean for you.
  • Leviticus 11:24-42
    “ The following creatures will make you ceremonially unclean. If any of you touch their carcasses, you will be defiled until evening.If you pick up their carcasses, you must wash your clothes, and you will remain defiled until evening.“ Any animal that has split hooves that are not evenly divided or that does not chew the cud is unclean for you. If you touch the carcass of such an animal, you will be defiled.Of the animals that walk on all fours, those that have paws are unclean. If you touch the carcass of such an animal, you will be defiled until evening.If you pick up its carcass, you must wash your clothes, and you will remain defiled until evening. These animals are unclean for you.“ Of the small animals that scurry along the ground, these are unclean for you: the mole rat, the rat, large lizards of all kinds,the gecko, the monitor lizard, the common lizard, the sand lizard, and the chameleon.All these small animals are unclean for you. If any of you touch the dead body of such an animal, you will be defiled until evening.If such an animal dies and falls on something, that object will be unclean. This is true whether the object is made of wood, cloth, leather, or burlap. Whatever its use, you must dip it in water, and it will remain defiled until evening. After that, it will be ceremonially clean and may be used again.“ If such an animal falls into a clay pot, everything in the pot will be defiled, and the pot must be smashed.If the water from such a container spills on any food, the food will be defiled. And any beverage in such a container will be defiled.Any object on which the carcass of such an animal falls will be defiled. If it is an oven or hearth, it must be destroyed, for it is defiled, and you must treat it accordingly.“ However, if the carcass of such an animal falls into a spring or a cistern, the water will still be clean. But anyone who touches the carcass will be defiled.If the carcass falls on seed grain to be planted in the field, the seed will still be considered clean.But if the seed is wet when the carcass falls on it, the seed will be defiled.“ If an animal you are permitted to eat dies and you touch its carcass, you will be defiled until evening.If you eat any of its meat or carry away its carcass, you must wash your clothes, and you will remain defiled until evening.“ All small animals that scurry along the ground are detestable, and you must never eat them.This includes all animals that slither along on their bellies, as well as those with four legs and those with many feet. All such animals that scurry along the ground are detestable, and you must never eat them.
  • Leviticus 17:14
    The life of every creature is in its blood. That is why I have said to the people of Israel,‘ You must never eat or drink blood, for the life of any creature is in its blood.’ So whoever consumes blood will be cut off from the community.
  • Leviticus 17:10
    “ And if any native Israelite or foreigner living among you eats or drinks blood in any form, I will turn against that person and cut him off from the community of your people,
  • Exodus 30:33-38
    Anyone who makes a blend like it or anoints someone other than a priest will be cut off from the community.’”Then the Lord said to Moses,“ Gather fragrant spices— resin droplets, mollusk shell, and galbanum— and mix these fragrant spices with pure frankincense, weighed out in equal amounts.Using the usual techniques of the incense maker, blend the spices together and sprinkle them with salt to produce a pure and holy incense.Grind some of the mixture into a very fine powder and put it in front of the Ark of the Covenant, where I will meet with you in the Tabernacle. You must treat this incense as most holy.Never use this formula to make this incense for yourselves. It is reserved for the Lord, and you must treat it as holy.Anyone who makes incense like this for personal use will be cut off from the community.”
  • Exodus 12:15
    For seven days the bread you eat must be made without yeast. On the first day of the festival, remove every trace of yeast from your homes. Anyone who eats bread made with yeast during the seven days of the festival will be cut off from the community of Israel.
  • Leviticus 7:25
    Anyone who eats fat from an animal presented as a special gift to the Lord will be cut off from the community.
  • Deuteronomy 14:12-20
    These are the birds you may not eat: the griffon vulture, the bearded vulture, the black vulture,the kite, the falcon, buzzards of all kinds,ravens of all kinds,the eagle owl, the short eared owl, the seagull, hawks of all kinds,the little owl, the great owl, the barn owl,the desert owl, the Egyptian vulture, the cormorant,the stork, herons of all kinds, the hoopoe, and the bat.“ All winged insects that walk along the ground are ceremonially unclean for you and may not be eaten.But you may eat any winged bird or insect that is ceremonially clean.